How to install Python 3.12 on Ubuntu 23.10?

I did several wrong things for my first day on Ubuntu when trying to code with Python, so I just reinstalled it. Can anyone tell me the best way to install Python here? I am using Ubuntu 20.04, and I am updating to Ubuntu 23.10 right now.

I see sudo apt install python3? OK, but it was why my Ubuntu was corrupted. Can anyone tell me how to get complete python installed without breaking any programs – with python pip, venv, and whatever else is needed.

Someone asked why do I need latest the python version. I just prefer it, but I want any Python 3 (I prefer to use 3.9 and new always).

I did not install any Python. The only thing I did was sudo apt install python3-pip and also python3-venv (and python3.11-venv), venvs failed to install but why does VSCode show 4 different Python interpreters now? I didn’t install any python version. I installed Ubuntu 20.04 from an ISO file, and upgraded to 23.10. The default Python package on Ubuntu 23.10 is python3.12.

Image of VSCode showing Python interpreters:

ashish@ashish-pc:~$ pip3 --version
pip 23.1.2 from /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip (python 3.11)
ashish@ashish-pc:~$ pip3 --version
pip 23.1.2 from /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip (python 3.11)
ashish@ashish-pc:~$ sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install python3-venv
Hit:1 http://mirrors.piconets.webwerks.in/ubuntu-mirror/ubuntu mantic InRelease
Hit:2 http://mirrors.piconets.webwerks.in/ubuntu-mirror/ubuntu mantic-updates InRelease
Hit:3 http://mirrors.piconets.webwerks.in/ubuntu-mirror/ubuntu mantic-backports InRelease
Hit:4 http://mirrors.piconets.webwerks.in/ubuntu-mirror/ubuntu mantic-security InRelease
Hit:5 https://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease                  
Hit:6 https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/code stable InRelease               
Hit:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu mantic InRelease                        
Hit:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu mantic-updates InRelease                
Hit:9 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu mantic-security InRelease
Reading package lists... Done
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 python3-venv : Depends: python3.11-venv (>= 3.11.2-1~) but it is not going to be installed
                Depends: python3 (= 3.11.2-1) but 3.11.4-5 is to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
ashish@ashish-pc:~$ ^C
ashish@ashish-pc:~$ 

I used sudo apt install python3-pip it worked and I got pip. Now when I tried sudo apt install python3-venv it generated an error message. I just noticed that the python -m venv command exists.